Occupation: 253211 - Anaesthetist

Provides direct medical care to patients requiring general or local anaesthesia for surgical, diagnostic and other procedures such as prevention of pain and maintenance of body function. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification, 2 years hospital-based training, and at least 5 years specialist study and training (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• performing pre-operative examinations of patients to determine appropriate anaesthetic and sedation in concurrence with Internal Medicine Specialists and Surgeons
• discussing the anaesthetic process with patients and obtaining their informed consent prior to surgery
• administering local, regional and general anaesthetics using a variety of methods such as inhalational and intravenous administration
• supervising the transfer of patients to operating theatres, positioning on operating tables, keeping patients warm, and responding quickly and accurately if any problems arise
• monitoring patients throughout surgical procedures and in immediate post-operative procedures
• recording details of anaesthetic and sedation administered, and the condition of patients before, during and after anaesthesia
• liaising with other health care workers to provide diagnosis and treatment for patients with chronic pain, and to diagnose and treat patients requiring intensive care or resuscitation
• may instruct medical, nursing, student and ancillary staff on the signs, symptoms and diagnosis of allergic and anaphylactic reactions to anaesthetic agents, and supervision and treatment of life threatening emergencies

Specialisation:
Intensive Care Anaesthetist
Obstetric Anaesthetist
Pain Management Specialist

Occupation: 253512 - Cardiothoracic Surgeon

Performs heart and lung surgery. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification, 2 years hospital-based training, and at least 5 years specialist study and training (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• examining patients to determine the necessity of operations, estimating and explaining risks to patients, and selecting the best operational procedures
• reviewing reports on patients' general physical condition, reactions to medications and medical histories
• consulting with Anaethetists regarding the correct anaesthesia for patients
• performing surgical operations
• examining instruments, equipment, and surgical set-up to ensure that antiseptic and aseptic methods have been followed
• instructing other medical, nursing and associated staff regarding the preparation of patient and instrument and equipment requirements
• prescribing post-operative care, and observing and investigating patients' progress
• maintaining records of operations performed
• may specialise in particular types of operations

Occupation: 254212 - Nurse Researcher

Designs, conducts and evaluates nursing and interdisciplinary research projects, and promotes the implementation of research findings into clinical nursing practice.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification and at least 5 years relevant experience (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• researching, planning, developing and implementing nursing curricula
• facilitating practical experience for general and specialist nurses
• evaluating ongoing and changing educational needs and monitoring course outcomes
• participating in developing and implementing policies affecting nursing, nurse education and health
• undertaking and promoting nursing and interdisciplinary research projects, and disseminating research information
• promoting utilisation of current research findings into clinical nursing practice and patient management
• promoting the implementation of research and research findings into organisation-wide functions such as safety, quality and risk management
• providing support and education for other nurses undertaking research

Occupation: 261112 - Systems Analyst

Evaluates processes and methods used in existing ICT systems, proposes modifications, additional system components or new systems to meet user needs as expressed in specifications and other documentation.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification. At least 5 years of relevant experience and/or relevant vendor certification may substitute for the formal qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• working with users to formulate and document business requirements
• identifying, investigating, and analysing business processes, procedures and work practices
• identifying and evaluating inefficiencies and recommending optimal business practice, and system functionality and behaviour
• using project management methodologies, principles and techniques to develop project plans and to cost, resource and manage projects
• taking responsibility for deploying functional solutions, such as creating, adopting and implementing system test plans, which ensure acceptable quality and integrity of the system
• creating user and training documentation, and conducting formal training classes
• developing functional specifications for use by system developers
• using data and process modelling techniques to create clear system specifications for the design and development of system software
• acting as a central reference and information source, providing guidance and assistance in the system project decision making process

Occupation: 272112 - Drug & Alcohol Counsellor

Provides support and treatment for people with drug and alcohol dependency problems, develops strategies which assist them to get goals and affect and maintain change, and provides community education. May work in a call centre.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• working with clients on career, study and employment options by obtaining and examining information relevant to their abilities and needs
• providing information and resources to assist clients with job-seeking skills
• assessing client needs in relation to treatment for drug and alcohol abuse
• conducting counselling interviews with individuals, couples and family groups
• assisting the understanding and adjustment of attitudes, expectations and behaviour to develop more effective interpersonal and marital relationships
• presenting alternative approaches and discussing potential for attitude and behaviour change
• consulting with clients to develop rehabilitation plans taking account of vocational and social needs
• contributing information, understanding and advice on the learning and behaviour of students, especially those with special needs, and assisting parents and teachers in dealing with these needs
• may work in a call centre

Occupation: 251512 - Industrial Pharmacist

Undertakes research, testing and analysis related to the development, production, storage, quality control and distribution of drugs and related supplies.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification and a 1 year traineeship (ANZSCO Skill Level 1). Registration or licensing is required.

Tasks Include:

• receiving prescriptions, checking patients' medicine histories, and ensuring optimal dosage and methods of administration and drug compatibility before dispensing
• preparing or supervising the preparation and labelling of liquid medicines, ointments, powders, tablets and other medications to fill prescriptions
• advising prescribers on drug incompatibility and contra-indications
• reviewing and monitoring the medicine therapy of individual patients, and assessing the effectiveness of the total medicine therapy
• maintaining prescription files and recording issue of narcotics, poisons and habit-forming drugs
• storing and preserving vaccines, serums and other drugs subject to deterioration
• supplying non-prescription medicines, and diagnostic and therapeutic aids
• supervising and coordinating the work of Pharmacy Technicians, pharmacy interns and Pharmacy Sales Assistants
• conducting research to develop and improve pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and related chemical products
• conferring with Chemists, Engineering Professionals and other professionals about manufacturing techniques and ingredients
• testing and analysing drugs to determine their identity, purity and strength in relation to specified standards
• developing standards for drug used in pharmaceuticals

Occupation: 253311 - Specialist Physician (General Medicine)

Investigates and diagnoses internal human disorders and diseases, and administers treatment. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification, 2 years hospital-based training, and at least 5 years specialist study and training (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• examining patients to determine the nature and extent of problems after referral from General Medical Practitioners and other medical specialists, and undertaking laboratory tests and diagnostic procedures
• analysing test results and other medical information to make diagnoses
• prescribing and administering drugs, and remedial and therapeutic treatment and procedures
• recording medical information and data
• reporting specified contagious and notifiable diseases to government health and immigration authorities
• may admit or refer patients to hospitals
• may consult other medical specialists

Occupation: 253513 - Neurosurgeon

Performs surgery to correct disorders of the brain, spine and nervous system. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification, 2 years hospital-based training, and at least 5 years specialist study and training (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• examining patients to determine the necessity of operations, estimating and explaining risks to patients, and selecting the best operational procedures
• reviewing reports on patients' general physical condition, reactions to medications and medical histories
• consulting with Anaethetists regarding the correct anaesthesia for patients
• performing surgical operations
• examining instruments, equipment, and surgical set-up to ensure that antiseptic and aseptic methods have been followed
• instructing other medical, nursing and associated staff regarding the preparation of patient and instrument and equipment requirements
• prescribing post-operative care, and observing and investigating patients' progress
• maintaining records of operations performed
• may specialise in particular types of operations

Occupation: 254311 - Nurse Manager

(Charge Nurse, Nurse Supervisor, Nurse Unit Manager)

Manages a health service unit or sub-unit of a hospital, aged care or community health care facility, supervises nursing staff and financial resources to enable the provision of safe, cost effective nursing care within a specified field or for a particular unit, and monitors quality, clinical standards and professional development of nurses.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification and at least 5 years relevant experience (ANZSCO Skill Level 1). Registration or licensing is required.

Tasks Include:

• developing, implementing and monitoring policies and objectives of nursing care as they apply to units, staff and community groups
• coordinating the allocation of human and material resources for a health service unit such as recruitment of staff, human resource management, preparation of budgets and fiscal management
• monitoring and controlling the performance of nursing and support staff within the unit, and providing leadership
• initiating studies to evaluate the effectiveness of nursing services in the unit in relation to objectives, costs and nursing care
• promoting working relationships with community agencies and health and education providers
• contributing to organisational objectives in relation to quality, safety and risk management

Occupation: 261311 - Analyst Programmer

(Programmer Analyst)

Analyses user needs, procedures requirements documentation and system plans, and encodes, test, debugs, maintains and documents programs and applications.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification and at least 5 years of relevant experience and/or relevant vendor certification may substitute for the formal qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• researching, consulting, analysing and evaluating system program needs
• identifying technology limitations and deficiencies in existing systems and associated processes, procedures and methods
• testing, debugging, diagnosing and correcting errors and faults in an applications programming lanugage within established testing protocols, guidelines and quality standards to ensure programs and applications perform to specification
• writing and maintaining program code to meet system requirements, system designs and technical specifications in accordance with quality accredited standards
• writing, updating and maintaining technical program, end user documentation and operational procedures
• providing advice, guidance and expertise in developing proposals and strategies for software design activities such as financial evaluation and costings for recommending software purchase and upgrades

Occupation: 272113 - Family & Marriage Counsellor

Assists individuals, couples and families with marriage and relationship difficulties. May work in a call centre.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• working with clients on career, study and employment options by obtaining and examining information relevant to their abilities and needs
• providing information and resources to assist clients with job-seeking skills
• assessing client needs in relation to treatment for drug and alcohol abuse
• conducting counselling interviews with individuals, couples and family groups
• assisting the understanding and adjustment of attitudes, expectations and behaviour to develop more effective interpersonal and marital relationships
• presenting alternative approaches and discussing potential for attitude and behaviour change
• consulting with clients to develop rehabilitation plans taking account of vocational and social needs
• contributing information, understanding and advice on the learning and behaviour of students, especially those with special needs, and assisting parents and teachers in dealing with these needs
• may work in a call centre

Specialisations:
Family Court Counsellor
Family Mediator

Occupation: 251513 - Retail Pharmacists

(Community Pharmacist)

Dispenses prescribed pharmaceuticals to the public, educates customers on health promotion, disease prevention and the proper use of medicines, and sells non-prescription medicines and related goods in a community pharmacy.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification and a 1 year traineeship (ANZSCO Skill Level 1). Registration or licensing is required.

Tasks Include:

• receiving prescriptions, checking patients' medicine histories, and ensuring optimal dosage and methods of administration and drug compatibility before dispensing
• preparing or supervising the preparation and labelling of liquid medicines, ointments, powders, tablets and other medications to fill prescriptions
• advising prescribers on drug incompatibility and contra-indications
• reviewing and monitoring the medicine therapy of individual patients, and assessing the effectiveness of the total medicine therapy
• maintaining prescription files and recording issue of narcotics, poisons and habit-forming drugs
• storing and preserving vaccines, serums and other drugs subject to deterioration
• supplying non-prescription medicines, and diagnostic and therapeutic aids
• supervising and coordinating the work of Pharmacy Technicians, pharmacy interns and Pharmacy Sales Assistants
• conducting research to develop and improve pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and related chemical products
• conferring with Chemists, Engineering Professionals and other professionals about manufacturing techniques and ingredients
• testing and analysing drugs to determine their identity, purity and strength in relation to specified standards
• developing standards for drug used in pharmaceuticals

Occupation: 253312 - Cardiologist

Investigates, diagnoses and treats diseases of the human heart. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification, 2 years hospital-based training, and at least 5 years specialist study and training (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• examining patients to determine the nature and extent of problems after referral from General Medical Practitioners and other medical specialists, and undertaking laboratory tests and diagnostic procedures
• analysing test results and other medical information to make diagnoses
• prescribing and administering drugs, and remedial and therapeutic treatment and procedures
• recording medical information and data
• reporting specified contagious and notifiable diseases to government health and immigration authorities
• may admit or refer patients to hospitals
• may consult other medical specialists

Occupation: 253514 - Orthopaedic Surgeon

Performs surgery to treat muscular and skeletal diseases and injuries. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification, 2 years hospital-based training, and at least 5 years specialist study and training (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• examining patients to determine the necessity of operations, estimating and explaining risks to patients, and selecting the best operational procedures
• reviewing reports on patients' general physical condition, reactions to medications and medical histories
• consulting with Anaethetists regarding the correct anaesthesia for patients
• performing surgical operations
• examining instruments, equipment, and surgical set-up to ensure that antiseptic and aseptic methods have been followed
• instructing other medical, nursing and associated staff regarding the preparation of patient and instrument and equipment requirements
• prescribing post-operative care, and observing and investigating patients' progress
• maintaining records of operations performed
• may specialise in particular types of operations

Occupation: 254411 - Nurse Practitioner

Provides advanced and extended nursing care to patients, such as ordering diagnostic tests, undertaking diagnosis and health assessments, prescribing patient care management, medicines and therapies, as authorised in relevant nursing legislation, and referring to specialist Medical Practitioners and other Health Professionals in a range of health, welfare and community settings. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualificatioon (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• assessing, planning, implementing and evaluating nursing care for patients according to accepted nursing practice and standards
• working in consultation with other Health Professionals and members of health teams, and coordinating the care of patients
• providing interventions, treatments and therapies such as medications, and monitoring responses to treatment and care plan
• promoting health and assisting in preventing ill health by participating in health education and other health promotion activities
• answering questions and providing information to patients and families about treatment and care
• supervising and coordinating the work of Enrolled Nurses and other health care workers

Occupation: 261312 - Developer Programmer

(Applications Developer, ICT Developer, ICT Programmer)

Interprets specifications, technical designs and flow charts, builds, maintains and modifies the code for software applications, constructs technical specifications from a business functional model, and tests and writes technical documentation.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification. At least 5 years of relevant experience and/or relevant vendor certification may substitute for the formal qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• researching, consulting, analysing and evaluating system program needs
• identifying technology limitations and deficiencies in existing systems and associated processes, procedures and methods
• testing, debugging, diagnosing and correcting errors and faults in an applications programming language within established testing protocols, guidelines and quality standards to ensure programs and applications perform to specification
• writing and maintaining program code to meet system requirements, system designs and technical specifications in accordance with quality accredited standards
• writing, updating and maintaining technical program, end user documentation and operational procedures
• providing advice, guidance and expertise in developing proposals and strategies for software design activities such as financial evaluation and costings for recommending software purchase and upgrades

Specialisations:
Communications Programmer (Systems)
Database Developer
Database Programmer (Systems)
Network Programmer
Software Developer
Software Programmer

Occupation: 272114 - Rehabilitation Counsellor

Assists physically, mentally and socially disadvantaged people to reintegrate into work and the community.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• working with clients on career, study and employment options by obtaining and examining information relevant to their abilities and needs
• providing information and resources to assist clients with job-seeking skills
• assessing client needs in relation to treatment for drug and alcohol abuse
• conducting counselling interviews with individuals, couples and family groups
• assisting the understanding and adjustment of attitudes, expectations and behaviour to develop more effective interpersonal and marital relationships
• presenting alternative approaches and discussing potential for attitude and behaviour change
• consulting with clients to develop rehabilitation plans taking account of vocational and social needs
• contributing information, understanding and advice on the learning and behaviour of students, especially those with special needs, and assisting parents and teachers in dealing with these needs
• may work in a call centre

Occupation: 251912 - Orthotist or Prosthetist

Designs, builds, fits and repairs splints, braces, callipers, artificial limbs and related appliances to restore function or compensate for muscular and skeletal disabilities.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1). Registration or licensing may be required.

Occupation: 253313 - Clinical Haematologist

Investigates and diagnoses blood and other genetic disorders by studying cellcular composition of blood and blood-producing tissues. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification, 2 years hospital-based training, and at least 5 years specialist study and training (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• examining patients to determine the nature and extent of problems after referral from General Medical Practitioners and other medical specialists, and undertaking laboratory tests and diagnostic procedures
• analysing test results and other medical information to make diagnoses
• prescribing and administering drugs, and remedial and therapeutic treatment and procedures
• recording medical information and data
• reporting specified contagious and notifiable diseases to government health and immigration authorities
• may admit or refer patients to hospitals
• may consult other medical specialists

Occupation: 253515 - Otorhinolaryngologist

(Ear, Nose and Throat Specialist; Head and Neck Surgeon)

Performs surgery to correct diseases and disorders of the ear, nose and throat. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification, 2 years hospital-based training, and at least 5 years specialist study and training (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• examining patients to determine the necessity of operations, estimating and explaining risks to patients, and selecting the best operational procedures
• reviewing reports on patients' general physical condition, reactions to medications and medical histories
• consulting with Anaethetists regarding the correct anaesthesia for patients
• performing surgical operations
• examining instruments, equipment, and surgical set-up to ensure that antiseptic and aseptic methods have been followed
• instructing other medical, nursing and associated staff regarding the preparation of patient and instrument and equipment requirements
• prescribing post-operative care, and observing and investigating patients' progress
• maintaining records of operations performed
• may specialise in particular types of operations

Specialisations:
Laryngologist
Otologist
Rhinologist

Occupation: 254412 - Registered Nurse (Aged Care)

Provides nursing care to the elderly in community settings, residential aged care facilities, retirement villages and health care facilities. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualificatioon (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• assessing, planning, implementing and evaluating nursing care for patients according to accepted nursing practice and standards
• working in consultation with other Health Professionals and members of health teams, and coordinating the care of patients
• providing interventions, treatments and therapies such as medications, and monitoring responses to treatment and care plan
• promoting health and assisting in preventing ill health by participating in health education and other health promotion activities
• answering questions and providing information to patients and families about treatment and care
• supervising and coordinating the work of Enrolled Nurses and other health care workers

Specialisation:
Registered Nurse (Gerontology)

Occupation: 261313 - Software Engineer

(Software Architect, Software Designer)

Designs, develops, modifies, documents, tests, implements, installs and supports software applications and systems.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification. At least 5 years of relevant experience and/or relevant vendor certification may substitute for the formal qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• researching, consulting, analysing and evaluating system program needs
• identifying technology limitations and deficiencies in existing systems and associated processes, procedures and methods
• testing, debugging, diagnosing and correcting errors and faults in an applications programming language within established testing protocols, guidelines and quality standards to ensure programs and applications perform to specification
• writing and maintaining program code to meet system requirements, system designs and technical specifications in accordance with quality accredited standards
• writing, updating and maintaining technical program, end user documentation and operational procedures
• providing advice, guidance and expertise in developing proposals and strategies for software design activities such as financial evaluation and costings for recommending software purchase and upgrades

Specialisations:
Database Designer
Systems Architect

Occupation: 272115 - Student Counsellor

(School Counsellor)

Provides information and assistance to students, parents and teachers about a wide range of matters such as students' personal problems, learning difficulties and special requirements.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• working with clients on career, study and employment options by obtaining and examining information relevant to their abilities and needs
• providing information and resources to assist clients with job-seeking skills
• assessing client needs in relation to treatment for drug and alcohol abuse
• conducting counselling interviews with individuals, couples and family groups
• assisting the understanding and adjustment of attitudes, expectations and behaviour to develop more effective interpersonal and marital relationships
• presenting alternative approaches and discussing potential for attitude and behaviour change
• consulting with clients to develop rehabilitation plans taking account of vocational and social needs
• contributing information, understanding and advice on the learning and behaviour of students, especially those with special needs, and assisting parents and teachers in dealing with these needs
• may work in a call centre

Occupation: 252111 - Chiropractor

Diagnoses and treats physiological and mechanical disorders of the human locomotor system, particularly neuromuscular skeletal disorders, and provides advice on preventing these orders. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• administering a variety of neurological, musculoskeletal and functional tests to identify and assess physical problems and ailments of patients
• planning and discussing effective management of patients' dysfunction
• designing, reviewing, monitoring, assessing and evaluating treatment programs
• assisting and improving the function of all body systems such as musculoskeletal, neurological, cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, endocrine and genitourinary systems
• recording detailed patient medical histories, treatments delivered and the patients' responses and progress to treatments
• referring patients to specialists and liaising with other Health Professionals in relation to patients' problems, need and progress
• educating patients, their partners, family and friends in therapeutic procedures, such as home exercises and lifestyle changes, to enhance patients' health and wellbeing

Occupation: 253314 - Clinical Oncologist

Manages and treats patients with cancer and tumours. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification, 2 years hospital-based training, and at least 5 years specialist study and training (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• examining patients to determine the nature and extent of problems after referral from General Medical Practitioners and other medical specialists, and undertaking laboratory tests and diagnostic procedures
• analysing test results and other medical information to make diagnoses
• prescribing and administering drugs, and remedial and therapeutic treatment and procedures
• recording medical information and data
• reporting specified contagious and notifiable diseases to government health and immigration authorities
• may admit or refer patients to hospitals
• may consult other medical specialists