Occupation: 251213 - Nuclear Medicine Technologist

Performs or assists in performing diagnostic examinations using radionuclides and radiopharmaceuticals, and administers radionuclides and radiopharmaceuticals for therapeutic purposes under the direction of Nuclear Medicine Specialists or other specialist Medical Practitioners. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• receiving referrals from Medical Practitioners to perform medical imaging and radiation treatment of patients
• determining the appropriate equipment to use, such as X-ray equipment, radiation scanners, fluoroscopes, ultrasound equipment, nuclear instrumentation, angiography equipment and computed tomography (CT) equipment, and selecting the appropriate equipment settings to provide the diagnostic information requested by Medical Practitioners
• calculating details of procedures such as length and intensity of exposure to radiation, size and strength of dosage of isotopes, and settings of recording equipment
• explaining procedures to patients and answering patients' inquiries about processes
• ensuring patients' welfare during procedures
• positioning patients, screens and equipment preparatory to procedures
• viewing the screen and deciding if images are satisfactory for diagnostic purposes, and selecting images to show Medical Practitioners
• conveying findings of procedures to Medical Practitioners

Occupation: 252411 - Occupational Therapist

Assesses functional limitations of people resulting from illnesses and disabilities, and provides therapy to enable people to perform their daily activities and occupations. Registration or licensing may be required.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• assessing clients' emotional, psychological, developmental and physical capabilities using clinical observations and standardised tests
• assessing clients' functional potential in their home, leisure, work and school environments, and recommending environmental adaptations to maximise their performance
• planning and directing programs through the use of vocational, recreational, remedial, social and educational activities on an individual and group basis
• providing advice to family members, carers, employers and teachers about adapting clients' home, leisure, work and school environments
• providing adaptive equipment, such as wheel chairs and splints, to assist clients to overcome their functional limitations
• working with other Health Professionals in overall case management of clients
• working with other professionals in providing specialist advice to specific client groups such as those requiring driver rehabilitation, third -party compensation and medico-legal representation
• recording clients' progress and maintaining professional relationships in accordance with relevant legislative requirements and ethical guidelines

Occupation: 253322 - Renal Medicine Specialist

(Nephrologist, Renal Medicine Physician)

Investigates, diagnoses and treats disorders of the human kidney. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification, 2 years hospital-based training, and at least 5 years specialist study and training (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• examining patients to determine the nature and extent of problems after referral from General Medical Practitioners and other medical specialists, and undertaking laboratory tests and diagnostic procedures
• analysing test results and other medical information to make diagnoses
• prescribing and administering drugs, and remedial and therapeutic treatment and procedures
• recording medical information and data
• reporting specified contagious and notifiable diseases to government health and immigration authorities
• may admit or refer patients to hospitals
• may consult other medical specialists

Occupation: 253913 - Obstetrician & Gynaecologist

Provides diagnostic, treatment and preventative medical and surgical services related to the care of women, foetuses and children during pregnancy and childbirth, and to disorders of the female genital, urinary, rectal and reproductive organs. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification, 2 years hospital-based training, and at least 5 years specialist study and training (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Specialisations:
Gynaecological Oncologist
Reproductive Endocrinologist
Urogynaecologist

Occupation: 254421 - Registered Nurse (Medical Practice)

(Practice Nurse)

Provides clinical care to patients, undertakes clinical organisation and practice administration, and facilitates communication within a general practice environment and between the practiceand outside organisations and individuals. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualificatioon (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• assessing, planning, implementing and evaluating nursing care for patients according to accepted nursing practice and standards
• working in consultation with other Health Professionals and members of health teams, and coordinating the care of patients
• providing interventions, treatments and therapies such as medications, and monitoring responses to treatment and care plan
• promoting health and assisting in preventing ill health by participating in health education and other health promotion activities
• answering questions and providing information to patients and families about treatment and care
• supervising and coordinating the work of Enrolled Nurses and other health care workers

Occupation: 263311 - Telecommunications Engineer

Designs and develops telecommunications systems, devices and products.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification. At least 5 years of relevant experience and/or relevant vendor certification may substitute for the formal qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• planning, designing, building, configuring and commissioning telecommunications devices, networks and systems, such as voice, radio, two-way, data, microwave, satellite and digital data systems, and ensuring telecommunications systems interconnect with equipment from different manufacturers, service providers and users
• compiling engineering project proposals to define goals, identify scope, background and need, and ascertain cost of equipment, parts and services
• evaluating and procuring new products and services from vendors
• ensuring compliance with laws, regulations, policies and procedures in the provision of telecommunications systems
• selecting and developing new telecommunications sites by locating sites, filing documents, drawing up documents for approval, drafting construction drawings and following through to approval
• determining appropriate configurations of telecommunications hardware and software, ensuring desired performance of telecommunications equipment
• preparing and interpreting specifications, drawings and regulations for the use of telecommunications equipment
• determining the type and arrangement of circuits, transformers, circuit-breakers, transmission lines and equipment
• identifying and analysing problems and needs of existing telecommunications system, such as interference, intelligibility and clarity, to determine the most appropriate means of reducing, eliminating and avoiding current and future problems and improve communications
• monitoring telecommunications systems to assess need for updates, upgrades, enhancements, preventive maintenance and new systems
• assessing performance levels of system hardware and software to project future needs, and developing short- and long-terms plans for updating equipment, adding capabilities, enhancing existing systems and providing improved telecommunications

Specialisation:
Signals Corps Officer (Army)

Occupation: 272399 - Psychologists (not elsewhere classified)

This occupation groups covers Psychologist not elsewhere classified. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• collecting data about clients and assessing their cognitive, behavioural and emotional disorders.
• administering and interpreting diagnostic tests and formulating plans for treatment
• developing, administering and evaluating individual and group treatment programs
• consulting with other professionals on details of cases and treatment plans
• conducting research studies of motivation in learning, group performance and individual differences in mental abilities and educational performance
• collecting data and analysing characteristics of students and recommending educational programs
• formulating achievement, diagnostic and predictive tests for use by teachers in planning methods and content of instruction
• developing interview techniques, psychological tests and other aids in workplace selection, placement, appraisal and promotion
• conducting surveys and research studies on job design, work groups, morale, motivation, supervision and management
• performing job analyses and establishing job requirements by observing and interviewing employees and managers

Occupations in this group include:
Community Psychologist
Counselling Psychologist
Sport Psychologist

Occupation: 251214 - Sonographer

(Ultrasonographer)

Operates ultrasound equipment to acquire, interpret and selectively record anatomical images, physical data and real-time physiological information for medical diagnostic purposes in conjunction with other Medical Practitioners.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1). Registration or licensing may be required.

Tasks Include:

• receiving referrals from Medical Practitioners to perform medical imaging and radiation treatment of patients
• determining the appropriate equipment to use, such as X-ray equipment, radiation scanners, fluoroscopes, ultrasound equipment, nuclear instrumentation, angiography equipment and computed tomography (CT) equipment, and selecting the appropriate equipment settings to provide the diagnostic information requested by Medical Practitioners
• calculating details of procedures such as length and intensity of exposure to radiation, size and strength of dosage of isotopes, and settings of recording equipment
• explaining procedures to patients and answering patients' inquiries about processes
• ensuring patients' welfare during procedures
• positioning patients, screens and equipment preparatory to procedures
• viewing the screen and deciding if images are satisfactory for diagnostic purposes, and selecting images to show Medical Practitioners
• conveying findings of procedures to Medical Practitioners

Occupation: 252511 - Physiotherapist

(Physical Therapist)

Assesses, treats and prevents disorders in human movement caused by injury or disease. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• administering muscle, nerve, joint and functional ability tests to identify and assess physical problems of patients
• designing treatment programs to address patients' problems
• treating patients to reduce pain, improve circulation, strengthen muscles, improve cardiothoracic, cardiovascular and respiratory functions, restore joint mobility, and improve balance and coordination
• using the therapeutic properties of exercise, heat, cold, massage, manipulation, hydrotherapy, electrotherapy, ultraviolet and infra-red light and ultrasound in the treatment of patients
• reviewing, continually monitoring, assessing and evaluating programs and treatments
• consulting with other Health Professionals as required about patients' problems, needs and progress
• instructing patients and their families in procedures to be continued at home
• recording treatments given and patients' response and progress
• developing and implementing screening and preventative health promotion programs

Specialisations:
Aquatic Physiotherapist
Cardiothoracic Physiotherapist
Continence and Women's Health Physiotherapist
Gerentological Physiotherapist
Musculoskeletal Physiotherapist
Neurological Physiotherapist
Occupational Health Physiotherapist
Paediatric Physiotherapist
Sports Physiotherapist

Occupation: 253323 - Rheumatologist

Investigates, diagnoses and treats diseases, injuries and deficiencies of human joints, muscles and soft tissue. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification, 2 years hospital-based training, and at least 5 years specialist study and training (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• examining patients to determine the nature and extent of problems after referral from General Medical Practitioners and other medical specialists, and undertaking laboratory tests and diagnostic procedures
• analysing test results and other medical information to make diagnoses
• prescribing and administering drugs, and remedial and therapeutic treatment and procedures
• recording medical information and data
• reporting specified contagious and notifiable diseases to government health and immigration authorities
• may admit or refer patients to hospitals
• may consult other medical specialists

Occupation: 253914 - Ophthalmologist

(Eye Specialist, Eye Surgeon)

Provides diagnostic, treatment and preventative medical services related to diseases, injuries and deficiencies of the human eye and associated structures. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification, 2 years hospital-based training, and at least 5 years specialist study and training (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Occupation: 254422 - Registered Nurse (Mental Health)

(Psychiatric Nurse)

Provides nursing care to patients with mental health illness, disorder and dysfunction, and those experiencing emotional difficulties, distress and crisis in health, welfare and aged care facilities, correctional services and the community. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualificatioon (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• assessing, planning, implementing and evaluating nursing care for patients according to accepted nursing practice and standards
• working in consultation with other Health Professionals and members of health teams, and coordinating the care of patients
• providing interventions, treatments and therapies such as medications, and monitoring responses to treatment and care plan
• promoting health and assisting in preventing ill health by participating in health education and other health promotion activities
• answering questions and providing information to patients and families about treatment and care
• supervising and coordinating the work of Enrolled Nurses and other health care workers

Specialisations:
Registered Nurse (Child & Adolescence Mental Health)
Registered Nurse (Drug & Alcohol)
Registered Nurse (Psychiatric Rehabilitation)
Registered Nurse (Psychogeriatric Care)

Occupation: 263312 - Telecommunications Network Engineer

(Communications Consultants, Communications Specialist (ICT), Telecommunications Consultant, Telecommunications Specialist)

Plans, designs and monitors complex telecommunications networks and associated broadcasting equipment.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification. At least 5 years of relevant experience and/or relevant vendor certification may substitute for the formal qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• planning, designing, building, configuring and commissioning telecommunications devices, networks and systems, such as voice, radio, two-way, data, microwave, satellite and digital data systems, and ensuring telecommunications systems interconnect with equipment from different manufacturers, service providers and users
• compiling engineering project proposals to define goals, identify scope, background and need, and ascertain cost of equipment, parts and services
• evaluating and procuring new products and services from vendors
• ensuring compliance with laws, regulations, policies and procedures in the provision of telecommunications systems
• selecting and developing new telecommunications sites by locating sites, filing documents, drawing up documents for approval, drafting construction drawings and following through to approval
• determining appropriate configurations of telecommunications hardware and software, ensuring desired performance of telecommunications equipment
• preparing and interpreting specifications, drawings and regulations for the use of telecommunications equipment
• determining the type and arrangement of circuits, transformers, circuit-breakers, transmission lines and equipment
• identifying and analysing problems and needs of existing telecommunications system, such as interference, intelligibility and clarity, to determine the most appropriate means of reducing, eliminating and avoiding current and future problems and improve communications
• monitoring telecommunications systems to assess need for updates, upgrades, enhancements, preventive maintenance and new systems
• assessing performance levels of system hardware and software to project future needs, and developing short- and long-terms plans for updating equipment, adding capabilities, enhancing existing systems and providing improved telecommunications

Occupation: 272411 - Historian

Researches the history of human activity and prepares accounts of findings.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• assembling historical data by consulting sources of information such as historical indexes and catalogues archives, court records, diaries, newspaper files and other materials
• organising, authenticating, evaluating and interpreting historical, political, sociological, anthropological and linguistic data
• undertaking historical and cultural research into human activity, and preparing and presenting research findings
• providing simultaneous and consecutive verbal or signed renditions of speeches into another language
• rendering the meaning and feeling of what is said and signed into another language in the appropriate register and style in a range of setting such as courts, hospitals, schools, workplaces and conferences
• studying original texts and transcripts of recorded spoken material to comprehend subject matter and translating them into another language
• rendering the meaning and feeling of written material, such as literary, legal, technical and scientific texts, into another language in the appropriate register and style, so that it will read as an original piece rather than as a translation

Specialisations:
Art Historian
Cultural Historian
Economic Historian
Geographical Historian

Occupation: 224914 - Patents Examner

Investigates and reports on patent applications to assess their compliance with the requirements of the Patents Act.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification and at least 5 years of relevant experience may substitute for the formal qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1). Registration or licensing may be required.

Occupation: 231212 - Ship's Engineer

(Marine Engineer)

Controls and manages the operation and maintenance of a ship's plant and equipment. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• directing fishing operations by using knowledge about the species sought, fishing areas, seasons and the capabilities of the vessel and crew
• directing crew in catching fish, molluscs and crustacea at varying depths using nets, lines, poles, pots and traps
• planning, controlling and coordinating the operational and maintenance requirements of a ship's propulsion and domestic plant and equipment
• operating plant and equipment and performing routine maintenance on ship's systems including mechanical, electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic, steam generating, and fire prevention and control systems
• controlling and directing shipping operations to ensure the safe and efficient loading and transport of cargo and passengers
• ensuring compliance with regulations pertaining to safety at sea and protection of the marine environment
• directing the activities of the deck crew for navigational support tasks, berthing and unberthing, maintenance, cleaning and painting of superstructures, and repair and replacement of defective deck gear and equipment
• navigating a ship by supervising the ship's course and speed according to predeterminded passage plans and safety procedures
• examining and approving design plans of hulls and equipment such as main propulsion engines, auxiliary boilers and turbines, electrical power generating plant, refrigeration and airconditioning plant and pumping systems
• conducting periodic surverys throughout a ship's life to ensure standards are maintained

Specialisation:
Mechanical Engineering Officer (Navy)
Weapons Electrical Engineering Officer (Navy)

Occupation: 233213 - Quantity Surveyor

(Building Economist, Construction Economist)

Estimates and monitors construction costs from the project feasibility stage, through tender preparation, to the construction period and beyond. Registration or licensing may be required.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• determining construction methods, materials and quality standards, and drafting and interpreting specifications, drawings, plans, construction methods and procedures
• organising and directing site labour and the delivery of construction materials, plant and equipment, and establishing detailed programs for the coordination of site activities
• obtaining soil and rock samples at different depths across sites and testing samples to determine strength, compressibility and other factors that affect the behaviour of soil and rock when a structure is imposed and determining the safe loading for the soil
• studying architectural and engineering drawings and specifications to estimate total costs, and preparing detailed cost plans and estimates as tools to assist in budgetary control
• monitoring changes to designs, assessing effects on cost, and measuring, valuing and negotiating variations to designs
• analysing structural systems for both static and dynamic loads
• designing structures to ensure they do not collapse, bend, twist or vibrate in undesirable ways
• assessing present and future travel flow patterns taking into account population increase and needs change
• designing the physical aspects of transportation systems such as highways, railroads, urban transit, air transportation, logistical supply systems and their terminals

Occupation: 233999 - Engineering Professionals NEC

This occupation group covers Engineering Professionals not elsewhere classified. Registration or licensing may be required.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1). Registration or licensing may be required.

Specialisations:
Mechatronics Engineer
Product Design Engineer

Occupation: 234517 - Microbiologist

Studies microscopic forms of life such as bacteria, viruses and protozoa.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• designing and conducting experiments, making observations and measurements, researching information, analysing data, preparing or supervising the preparation of laboratory reports and scientific papers, presenting findings at scientific meetings and conferences, and supervising the work of staff
• studying the forms and structures of bodily organs and tissues by systematic observation, dissection and microscopic examination
• investigating the chemical structure and function of living cells and their isolated components, organs and tissues in humans, animals, plants, and micro-organisms
• examing micro-organisms, such as bacteria, fungi, yeast and their enzymes, and using the knowledge gained to create and develop new, and improve existing, products, materials and processes
• investigating the effects of environmental factors, such as rainfall, temperature, sunlight, soil, topography and disease, on plant growth
• planning and undertaking experiments to study, measure and understand marine animals and plants
• studying the growth and characteristics of micro-organisms, such as bacteria, algae and fungi, and the effects they have on plants, animals and humans to develop medical, veterinary, industrial, environmental and other practical applications
• investigating the interrelationships between animals in their natural surroundings, in captivity and in laboratories

Specialisation:
Bacteriologist (Non-medical)

Occupation: 241599 - Special Education Teachers (not elsewhere classified)

This occupation group covers Special Education Teachers not elsewhere classified. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• assessing students' abilities and limitations with regard to intellectual, physical, social and emotional disabilities, exceptional intellectual gifts, or specific problems of language and culture
• planning, organising and implementing special programs to provide remedial or advanced tuition
• administering various forms of assessment and interpreting the results
• teaching basic academic subjects, and practical and self-help skills to hearing and sight impaired students
• devising instructional materials, methods and aids to assist in training and rehabilitation
• advising, instructing and counselling parents and teacher on the availability and use of special techniques
• stimulating and developing interest, abilities, manual skills and coordination
• conferring with other staff members to plan and schedule lessons for special needs students
• preparing and maintaining student data and other records and submitting reports

Occupations in this group include:
Aboriginal Education Teacher
Distance Education Teacher
Migrant Teacher

Occupation: 224999 - Information & Organisation Professionals NEC

This occupation group includes Information and Organisation Professionals not elsewhere classified.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification and at least 5 years of relevant experience may substitute for the formal qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1). Registration or licensing may be required.

Specialisations:
Electoral Officer
Forms Designer
Knowledge Manager
Lobbyist
Museum Registrar

Occupation: 231213 - Ship's Master

(Ship's Captain)

Controls and manages the operations of a ship or boat. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is an AQF Diploma or higher qualification. Ship's Engineers and Ship's Surveyors require a bachelor degree or higher qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• directing fishing operations by using knowledge about the species sought, fishing areas, seasons and the capabilities of the vessel and crew
• directing crew in catching fish, molluscs and crustacea at varying depths using nets, lines, poles, pots and traps
• planning, controlling and coordinating the operational and maintenance requirements of a ship's propulsion and domestic plant and equipment
• operating plant and equipment and performing routine maintenance on ship's systems including mechanical, electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic, steam generating, and fire prevention and control systems
• controlling and directing shipping operations to ensure the safe and efficient loading and transport of cargo and passengers
• ensuring compliance with regulations pertaining to safety at sea and protection of the marine environment
• directing the activities of the deck crew for navigational support tasks, berthing and unberthing, maintenance, cleaning and painting of superstructures, and repair and replacement of defective deck gear and equipment
• navigating a ship by supervising the ship's course and speed according to predeterminded passage plans and safety procedures
• examining and approving design plans of hulls and equipment such as main propulsion engines, auxiliary boilers and turbines, electrical power generating plant, refrigeration and airconditioning plant and pumping systems
• conducting periodic surverys throughout a ship's life to ensure standards are maintained

Specialisations:
Dredge Master
Hydrofoil Captain
Ship's Pilot
Tug Master

Occupation: 233214 - Structural Engineer

Analyses the statical properties of all types of structures, tests the behaviour and durability of materials used in their construction, and designs and supervises the construction of all types of structures. Registration or licensing may be required.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• determining construction methods, materials and quality standards, and drafting and interpreting specifications, drawings, plans, construction methods and procedures
• organising and directing site labour and the delivery of construction materials, plant and equipment, and establishing detailed programs for the coordination of site activities
• obtaining soil and rock samples at different depths across sites and testing samples to determine strength, compressibility and other factors that affect the behaviour of soil and rock when a structure is imposed and determining the safe loading for the soil
• studying architectural and engineering drawings and specifications to estimate total costs, and preparing detailed cost plans and estimates as tools to assist in budgetary control
• monitoring changes to designs, assessing effects on cost, and measuring, valuing and negotiating variations to designs
• analysing structural systems for both static and dynamic loads
• designing structures to ensure they do not collapse, bend, twist or vibrate in undesirable ways
• assessing present and future travel flow patterns taking into account population increase and needs change
• designing the physical aspects of transportation systems such as highways, railroads, urban transit, air transportation, logistical supply systems and their terminals

Occupation: 234111 - Agricultural Consultant

(Agricultural Adviser)

Advises farmers, agricultural businesses, rural industries and government on the production, processing and distribution of farm products.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• collecting and analysing data and samples of produce, feed, soil and other factors affecting production
• advising Farmers and Farm Managers on techniques for improving the production of crops and livestock, and alternative agricultural options
• advising farmers on issues such as livestock and crop disease, control of pests and weeds, soil improvement, animal husbandry and feeding programs
• studying the environmental factors affecting commercial crop production, pasture growth, animal, breeding, and the growth and health of forest trees
• study the effects of cultivation techniques, soils, insects and plant diseases on animal, crop and forest production
• developing procedures and techniques for solving agricultural problems and improving the efficiency of production
• managing forest resources to maximise their long-term commercial, recreational and environmental benefits for the community
• studying the propagation and cultural and cultural of forest trees, methods for improving the growth of stock, and the effects of thinning on forest yields
• preparing plans for reafforestation and devising efficient harvesting systems
• investigating, planning and implementing management procedures to cope with the effect of fires, floods, droughts, soil erosion, insect pests and diseases

Specialisations:
Agricultural Extension Officer
Landcare Officer

Occupation: 234518 - Zoologist

Studies the anatomy, physiology, characteristics, ecology, behaviour and environments of animals.

Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is a bachelor degree or higher qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks Include:

• designing and conducting experiments, making observations and measurements, researching information, analysing data, preparing or supervising the preparation of laboratory reports and scientific papers, presenting findings at scientific meetings and conferences, and supervising the work of staff
• studying the forms and structures of bodily organs and tissues by systematic observation, dissection and microscopic examination
• investigating the chemical structure and function of living cells and their isolated components, organs and tissues in humans, animals, plants, and micro-organisms
• examing micro-organisms, such as bacteria, fungi, yeast and their enzymes, and using the knowledge gained to create and develop new, and improve existing, products, materials and processes
• investigating the effects of environmental factors, such as rainfall, temperature, sunlight, soil, topography and disease, on plant growth
• planning and undertaking experiments to study, measure and understand marine animals and plants
• studying the growth and characteristics of micro-organisms, such as bacteria, algae and fungi, and the effects they have on plants, animals and humans to develop medical, veterinary, industrial, environmental and other practical applications
• investigating the interrelationships between animals in their natural surroundings, in captivity and in laboratories

Specialisations:
Entomologist
Mammologist
Ornithologist